A hammock is a light object hung on the sides of vertical poles; between two or more points. The supports can be two trees or a self-supporting frame that allows portability and placement wherever needed.

The hammock enables the user to perform the function of swinging. Several types of furniture fulfil the same activity. One of them is the swing seats, which we presented in our previous post: 'Garden Swing Seats - Outdoor Furniture for Pleasure'.

FUNCTION

The user utilizes a hammock in a lying position. His body is in a horizontal posture, fully stretched, while his weight is evenly distributed on the surface of the hammock. He has freedom of movement and a change of position.  With these characteristics, hammocks can be used not only for the pleasure of swinging but also for sleeping and resting and can be considered a portable swing-bed.

This type of furniture is suitable for outdoor and indoor use. It is ideal for staying outdoors, providing a comfortable place to relax in the sun or the shade. Swinging in a hammock in the open air has the added value, connects the user with nature and helps him get rid of stress.

The wide range of use of hammocks includes camping beds. The application in this sector is the result of the product's characteristics. The camping hammock is a mountain bed packed in a backpack. They are light, portable, easy to set up and affordable. A compression bag, any type of carrying bag and sometimes a carrying stand are advantages for this purpose The mosquito nets as additional equipment for some camping hammocks increase the comfort. They protect the user from beetles and insects while additional ventilation allows airflow, and provides a pleasant atmosphere inside, preventing it from becoming hot and stuffy.

TYPES

Hammocks are designed for one or two people. Double swings must have a solid structure that guarantees safety. The hammock dimensions must be per ergonomic rules and large enough to accommodate people of any build and weight.

MATERIALS

Hammocks are made of different materials and processing techniques. The main body is usually made of lightweight materials, with different origins. The hammocks can be made of cotton and other natural fibres, such as hemp and linen or synthetic fibres like polyester or PES origin.

Each of these materials has its advantages and disadvantages. The required material performance depends on the future location of the hammocks. Natural materials are user-friendly because they are breathable. They are wear-resistant, but not waterproof. Hammocks made of natural materials require additional protection to avoid damage. Durable material, water repellent, and resistant to all atmospheric influences, is recommended for outdoor use. Fabrics made of synthetic fibres are weather-resistant, to UV rays and resistant to dirt-repellent, so they are more suitable for making outdoor furniture. With such characteristics, the hammock can be left outside without the risk of damage, and in the event of rain, it will dry quickly. On the other hand, synthetic fibres may cause more or less sweating the user, depending on the density of the fabric. Some hammocks are made of a mix of natural and synthetic materials like polyester and cotton. They are weatherproof, barely fading, extremely tear-resistant, lightweight and provide the user with comfort and freedom of movement. 

The hammock fabric can be stretched between the bars located at its ends. The rods are made of wood or metal and hold the textile in an open position. This type of hammock requires extra care to avoid security risks when in use. When the swing is without a slat, the fabric is gathered at one point at both ends. These two points are connected to the bearing ropes.

The lying surface of the hammock can be made of canvas, rope or net. The fabric may consist of one or more layers, and sometimes the outer layer is filled with foam. Accessories such as an integrated, ergonomically designed head pillow increase user comfort. Loose pillows or thin mattresses can be arranged as desired according to individual comfort requirements.

STRUCTURE

The most common variants of the hammock structure are hammocks hanged between two points and a hammock with a stand. The first solution involves a hammock stretched between two parallel girders that can be two pillars or two trees, nearby parallel walls or structures. The supports must be sufficiently stable and secure. In this case, the hammock should be equipped with wall hardware or special belts to provide hanging on the vertical pillars or trees. For the user, simple and easy installation should be provided. Assembly includes placement of the hardware, rolling out the hammock, attaching to hooks and adjusting. It is necessary to keep in mind that some fittings, once installed, will not be possible to move to another location.

The structure of the self-supporting hammocks rests on the ground, terraces or gardens, while its vertical pillars accept the swing fabric from both ends. This type of hammock allows the user to place it wherever he wants, both indoors and outdoors. It is up to the user to choose the desired position: in the shade or the sun; on a porch, by the pool at home or in some other space.

Quality self-supporting hammocks have a frame made of light and resistant materials, with characteristics under safety regulations. The structure must be of appropriate dimensions, strong to withstand the intended load or light enough to move. The choice of structure materials should include resistance to atmospheric influences, oxidation and corrosion, and easy maintenance and cleaning. With such performance of the material, the hammock can stand outside all year round. The structure can be made of metal profiles (stainless steel) or a combination of materials (steel, aluminium, wood ...). Some frames are with adjustable footrests, so they adapt to the needs in terms of height. 

The advantage of the self-supporting hammock is the ability to choose the position and change it without structural constraints, assembly and disassembly activities.

Regardless of the type of construction used, hammocks should provide the user with enjoyment and relaxation without any risks in the event of loss of balance or fall.

Models with a mosquito net and its self-supporting structure, completely envelop the hammock. This accessory is used in the evening in gardens or open spaces and is necessary for some climatic zones. 

There are many solutions developed by designers, for the modern hammocks. It becomes a comfortable accessory and decorative object in the garden or living room.

We have presented our ideas for hammocks and made some recommendations. An appropriate hammock should fit the needs, personal taste and budget of the user. It implies a combination of aesthetic values, functional characteristics and a very important safety factor.